International Year of Mountains
Despite their imposing presence, mountains are very
fragile environments. Mountain soil and vegetation are easily, and
sometimes permanently, lost to erosion when natural resources are exploited in an
unsustainable manner. The degradation of mountain ecosystems directly affects
nearly half the world's population, including both highland and lowland
communities.
To raise awareness and trigger action on issues
relating to sustainable mountain development, the UN, on an idea by president
Akaev of Kyrgyzstan, declared 2002 as the International Year of Mountains and
invited FAO to act as the lead agency.
Undoubtedly the most
important message of the International Year of Mountains was that mountains are
crucial to the security of both highland and lowland people. Three billion
people - more than half the world's population - rely on mountains for water
for drinking, irrigation, industry and electricity. The IYM was an opportunity
to raise awareness of the diverse values of mountain regions for society as a
whole.
Although
mountains are rich in natural and cultural resources, in economic terms they
tend to be among the poorest places on earth. But mountains can also provide
opportunities for redressing poverty and achieving sustainable development.
Mountain environments are characterized by broad diversity, not only
biophysical, but also social, economic and cultural.
Mountains are as vital as the oceans and as essential to
human well-being. All people - whether dwelling at sea level or in the highest
altitudes - depend on mountains for life. We are all mountain people. This
awareness is the essential foundation of long-term, effective action.
From the success of the International
Year of Mountains in 2002, the UN General Assembly designated 11 December, from
2003 onwards, as 'International Mountain Day'.
Links
Statement by FAO Director General Jacques
Diouf on the official launch of IYM,
A report with photos on the launch of the IYM
by the International Institute for Sustainable Development.
All the International Years proclaimed by the General Assembly.
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